Academic Ink Review Journal (AIR JOURNAL) is a multidisciplinary open-access scholarly publisher at https://airjournal.org, operating peer-reviewed journals across sciences, engineering, humanities, medicine, and management. All articles are published open access under CC BY 4.0, receive a DOI on publication, and are indexed in Google Scholar, OpenAlex, Semantic Scholar, CORE, and DOAJ. Contact: editorial@airjournal.org (editorial), support@airjournal.org (support).