Abstract
The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global public health, necessitating a comprehensive One Health approach that integrates human, animal, and environmental health sectors. This study provides a comparative analysis of AMR patterns observed in human and animal populations, aiming to elucidate shared resistance mechanisms and transmission pathways. We synthesized data from recent surveillance reports and published literature focusing on key bacterial pathogens such as *Escherichia coli*, *Salmonella*, and *Staphylococcus aureus*. Our analysis reveals considerable overlap in resistance profiles across species, particularly for critically important antimicrobial classes like fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins. The presence of mobile genetic elements carrying resistance genes, such as integrons and plasmids, was frequently identified in both human and animal isolates, underscoring their role in the dissemination of AMR (Islam et al., 2023; Unknown, 2007). Furthermore, we observed correlations between antimicrobial use patterns in food-producing animals and the emergence of resistant strains that can transfer to humans through food consumption or environmental contamination (Ardakani et al., 2023; Rahman & Hollis, 2023). This comparative analysis highlights the interconnectedness of AMR in different reservoirs and emphasizes the urgent need for coordinated surveillance, responsible antimicrobial stewardship across all sectors, and the development of novel interventions to mitigate the global AMR threat.